A:

Right 、 let’s get started. We need to get the suitcases into the car ます。

B:

Okay た。 I’ll do that. Katie, will you help me?

【ラジオ取材開始時】

Now , we have with us in the studio today someone you will all know from television. John Rice, welcome to the show.

【電話中の母（A）と娘（B）】

A:

So we’ll see you Sunday, Liz 。

B:

Right 、 okay Mum 。

A:

Okay 、また see you then, love 。

B:

Bye, Mum. Thanks for calling ます。

A:

Bye, Liz 。

【会議終了時】

A:

Anyway 、 is that it? Has anyone got any questions?

B:

No. I think we’re done 。

A:

Right fine, thanks everyone for coming. We’ll circulate the documents tomorrow and make some follow-up calls about the project 。

A:

We went to town to buy wallpaper to match the carpet 。

B:

Did you try Keanes? They have a sale ます。

A:

We looked there, but Jim said he thought it was too expensive and he didn’t like any of their designs .

B:

What does he like?

A:

He likes geometric shapes. He hates flowers です。 Anyway 、 we eventually found some that we both liked and when we went to pay for it, we realised that neither of us had brought any money 。 （ Anyway 、壁紙を購入するというメイントピックに戻ります。）

また、談話マーカーを使用して、発言を順序付けまたは順序付けします。これに使用する一般的な単語やフレーズのいくつかは次のとおりです。

A:

I think Sheila might be having some financial problems at the moment 。

B:

I don’t think so, Caroline 。 For a start 、 she has all the money that her aunt gave her. What’s more, she has a good job and she seems to have a good lifestyle です。

Firstly , we are going to look at how to write an essay. Secondly we are going to look at what makes a good essay and what makes a bad one. Lastly , we’re going to do some writing activities.

アルファベットの文字 ( a, b 、および c ) を使用して、何かの理由または引数をリストできます。

There are two reasons why I think it’s a bad idea, a because it’ll cost too much money, and b because it’ll take such a long time.

時々、話しているときに、自分の言っていることを言い換えたり、繰り返したり、変更したりしようとしていることを聞き手に示すために、フレーズを追加します。これらの談話マーカーは、私たちが言うことを聞き手にとってより明確にするのに役立ちます。

I just had to leave early. What I mean is I hated the show. It just wasn’t funny.

You exercise regularly, you have a good diet and you don’t have too much stress. In other words , I think you have nothing to worry about. Your health seems very good.

I think I’ve found a house I’d like to buy. Well it’s an apartment actually . It’s ideal for me.

私たちは話すとき、聞き手とどれだけの知識を共有しているかを考えます。私たちはよく、古い、共有されている、または期待される知識であると you know ものをマークし、リスナーと共有されていないと思われる新しい知識を see, you see, the thing is ようなフレーズでマークします。

You know , hiring a car was a great idea. （話し手と聞き手はレンタカーのことを知っています。）

A:

Why don’t you come and stay with me when you’re in Lisbon?

B:

It’d be difficult. I have to be back in Dublin by Friday 。 my sister is getting married on Saturday so I won’t have time to visit You see （Bは、Aが妹の結婚式を知らないと仮定。これは新しい情報です）